Māhele Mīkini ma Kelemānia

Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka ʻoihana mīkini i ka wā o ka Industrial Revolution.Ua ulu nā ʻoihana ma kēia ʻāina e kū nei mai nā hale kūkulu hao, nā hale moku, nā pā a me nā hale kūʻai hoʻoponopono.ʻO ka hui pinepine ʻana o nā hui i hui pū ʻia me ka hale hana mīkini a me ka hale moku.I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia 20, ua hoʻomaka kekahi mau mea hana kaʻa a me nā kaʻa i kā lākou mau hale mīkini ponoʻī.Ma mua o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka ʻoihana, ua loaʻa nā mīkini like ʻole e like me nā uaki, nā mea kaua a me nā mea holo no nā wili (watermill, windmill, horse mill etc.) ʻO ka hana ʻana o kēia mau mīkini ma ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ma nā hale hana akamai no ka mākeke kūloko a kūloko paha.Me ka hiki ʻana mai o ka ʻenehana hoʻololi i hoʻomaka ʻia ka hana ʻana i nā mea hana composite me ka hana paʻakikī, e like me nā ʻenekini mahu a me nā mea hana mahu no ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻoihana a me ka halihali.